List of nursery rhymes
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The terms "nursery rhyme" and "children's song" emerged in the 1820s, although this type of children's literature previously existed with different names such as Tommy Thumb Songs and Mother Goose Songs.[1] The first known book containing a collection of these texts was Tommy Thumb's Pretty Song Book, which was published by Mary Cooper in 1744.[2] The works of several scholars and collectors helped document and preserve these oral traditions as well as their histories. These include Iona and Peter Opie, Joseph Ritson, James Orchard Halliwell, and Sir Walter Scott.[3] While there are "nursery rhymes" which are called "children's songs", not every children's song is referred to as a nursery rhyme (example: Puff, the Magic Dragon, and Baby Shark). This list is limited to songs which are known as nursery rhymes through reliable sources.
Nursery rhymes
[edit]The following is a list of nursery rhymes.
Title | Other titles | Place of origin | Date first recorded | Origin |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ah! vous dirai-je, maman | 'Oh! Shall I tell you, Mama' | France | 1774[4][5] | Anonymous pastoral song dating from 1740.[6] |
Aiken Drum | Scotland | 1820[7] | Possible Jacobite song about the Battle of Sheriffmuir. | |
Apple Pie ABC | England | 1671[8] | Earliest mention is from a religious work.[8] | |
Akka bakka bonka rakka | Norway | 1901[9] | Nora Kobberstad's Norsk Lekebok (Book of Norwegian Games).[9] | |
All The Pretty Little Horses | 'All the Pretty Horses', 'Hush-a-bye' | United States | 1903[10][a] | The song is commonly thought to be of African-American origin.[11] |
Apples and Bananas | 'Oopples and Boo-noo-noos' | North America | Unknown | Unknown |
Arthur o' Bower | England | 1805[12] | Arthur o' Bower, has been identified as King Arthur, perhaps in his aspect as a storm god.[13][14] | |
A Sailor Went To Sea | 'My Father Went to Sea'[15] | England | Unknown | Unknown |
A Wise Old Owl | 'There was an owl lived in an oak, wisky, wasky, weedle.' | England | 1875[16] | First published in Punch on April 10, 1875. |
A-Tisket, A-Tasket | United States | 1879[17] | Originally noted in 1879 as a children's rhyming game. | |
A-Hunting We Will Go | England | 1777[18] | Composed in 1777 by English composer Thomas Arne. | |
Akai Kutsu | '赤い靴' or 'Red Shoes' | Japan | 1922 | Poem by Ujō Noguchi, a basis on factual events is disputed. |
Alphabet Song | Several other titles...[b] | United States | 1835[19] | The melody in this format was first copyrighted in 1835 by Boston music publisher Charles Bradlee. |
Alouette | Canada | 1870[20] | Mentiond in "A Pocket Song Book for the Use of Students and Graduates of McGill Colle". | |
Animal Fair | United States | 1898[21] | Origin unknown, sung by minstrels and sailors as early as 1898. | |
Ants Go Marching | United States | Unknown | The melody dates to 1863 as 'When Johnny Comes Marching Home'. | |
As I was going by Charing Cross | 'As I was going to Charing Cross' | England | Unknown | Origin unknown, the rhyme is thought to refer to the equestrian statue of Charles I. |
As I was going to St Ives | England | [22] | c. 1730Exact origin unknown. | |
Baa, Baa, Black Sheep | England | 1744[23] | First mentioned in Tommy Thumb's Pretty Song Book. | |
Backe, backe Kuchen | 'Bake a Cake, Bake a Cake' | Germany | Unknown | The original form of the text with the rhymed list of ingredients can be found as early as 1450 in Maister Hannsen's von Wirtenberg Koch Cookbook. |
Bahay Kubo | 'Field House' | Philippines | Unknown | Tagalog-language folk song from the lowlands of Luzon, Philippines. |
Baloo Baleerie | 'The Bressay Lullaby' | Scotland | 1949 | Alliterative nonsense based around the Scots word for lullaby, "baloo". |
Billy Boy | United States | 1912 | Variant of the traditional English folk song "My Boy Billy", collected by Ralph Vaughan Williams. | |
Bingo | 'The Farmer's Dog Leapt o'er the Stile', 'A Franklyn's Dogge', 'Little Bingo' | England | 1780[24][25] | Attributed the song to William Swords, an actor at the Haymarket Theatre of London. The identity of "Bingo" in the song is formally ambiguous. |
Bobby Shafto's Gone to Sea | 'Bobby Shafto' | England | 1805[26] | 18th century British politician Bobby Shafto is a likely subject for this song. |
Bye, Baby Bunting | England | 1731[27] | A version of this rhyme was first published in 1731 in England. | |
The Cat Sat Asleep by the Side of the Fire | England | Unknown | Unknown | |
Chizhik-Pyzhik | 'Чи́жик-Пы́жик' | Russia | 1994 | The origin of this song is unclear. |
Christmas Is Coming | United States | 1885[28] | Origin unknown, the lyrics begin appearing in print in 1885. | |
Cock-a-Doodle Doo | England | 1765[29] | The first two lines were originally used to mock the cockerel's (rooster in US) "crow". | |
Come Follow Me (To the Redwood Tree) | 'Come Follow Me' | United States | Unknown | Unknown |
Coulter's Candy | 'Ally Bally', 'Ally Bally Bee'[30] | Scotland | 1845 | Advertising jingle for a aniseed-flavoured confectionery manufactured in Melrose.[31] |
Dandini Dandini Dastana | 'Dan-dini Dan-dini Dastana', 'Dandini', 'Dan-dini' | Turkey | Unknown | Unknown |
Did You Ever See a Lassie? | Scotland United States |
1909[32] | The words to the song may have come from Scottish immigrants or Scottish-Americans because of the aforementioned terms. | |
Diddle, Diddle, Dumpling, My Son John | England | 1797[33] | This song may be derived from 'Diddle, diddle, diddle Dumpling', a traditional street cry of hot dumpling sellers. | |
Ding Dong Bell | 'Ding Dong Dell' | England | 1580[34] | The earliest recorded reference to the rhyme is from John Lant, the organist of Winchester Cathedral in 1580. |
Do Your Ears Hang Low? | 'Do your balls hang low' | England | 1900[35] | "Do Your Ears Hang Low?" is a sanitized version of the original song. |
Doctor Foster | England | 1844[36] | The rhyming of 'puddle' with 'middle' suggests that it may have originally been the archaic 'piddle' for a stream and that the verse may therefore be much older. | |
Dong, Dong, Dongdaemun | '동, 동, 동대문' | Korea | Unknown | Possibly borrowed from the German carol Lasst uns froh und munter sein. |
Down By the Bay | England | Unknown | The actual origin of this song is uncertain. | |
Down By The Station | 'Down at the Station', 'Down by the station early in the morning' | United States | 1947[37] | The origin of this song is unknown. |
Down Down Baby | 'Roller Coaster'[38][39] | United States | Unknown | Origin unknown, this has been used in various songs and media productions since the mid 20th century.[40] |
Eeny, Meeny, Miny, Moe | 'Eenie, Meenie, Minie, Mo' | Unknown[c] | [41] | < 1820Unknown |
Eeper Weeper | 'Heeper Peeper' | England | Unknown | Unknown |
Finger Family | Unknown | 2007 | Origin unknown, this song first appeared on YouTube in 2007.[42] | |
Five Little Ducks | 'May Limang Pato Akong Nakita'[citation needed] | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
Five Little Monkeys | '5 Little Monkeys', 'Five Little Monkeys Jumping On The Bed', '5 Little Monkeys Jumping On The Bed' | United States | Unknown | Origin unknown, this song uses a similar tune to Hush, Little Baby and Shortnin' Bread. |
Five Little Speckled Frogs | '5 Green & Speckled Frogs' | United States | Unknown | Unknown |
For He's a Jolly Good Fellow | 'The Bear Went Over The Mountain' | France England |
1709[43] | From the French song Malbrough s'en va-t-en guerre. |
Foxy's Hole | England | Unknown | Origin unknown, possibly from the 16th century. | |
Frère Jacques | 'Brother John', 'Are You Sleeping', 'Are you sleeping, Brother John?' | France | [44] | c. 1780The earliest version of the song's melody is on a French manuscript. |
Frog Went A-Courting | 'Frog Wen A-Courtin'' | Scotland England |
1549 | First mentioned in The Complaynt of Scotland, it later appeared in 1611 as an English song by Thomas Ravenscroft. |
Georgie Porgie | 'Georgy Peorgy' | England | 1841[45] | Origin unknown, first appeared in The Kentish Coronal where the rhyme was described as an "old ballad". |
Girls and Boys Come Out to Play | 'Boys and Girls Come Out to Play' | England | 1708[46] | The song's title may date back to the time when children were expected to work during the daylight hours, and play was reserved for late in the evening. |
Goosey Goosey Gander | England | 1784[47] | The earliest recorded version of this rhyme is in Gammer Gurton's Garland or The Nursery Parnassus published in London in 1784. | |
Green Gravel | England | 1835[48] | Green Gravel was a dramatic representation of mourning.[49] | |
Hark, Hark! The Dogs Do Bark | 'Hark, Hark' | England | 1788[50] | Origin unknown, this could date anywhere from the late 11th century to the early 18th century. The rhyme was first published in 1788.[50] |
Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes | 'Head and Shoulders, Knees and Toes', 'Head and Shoulders' | United States | 1912[51] | Origin unknown, lyrics from this song are mentioned as early as 1912. |
Here Comes an Old Soldier from Botany Bay | 'Here Comes an Old Soldier' or 'Old Soldier | Unknown | Unknown | This nursery rhyme is known in Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom and dates to at least the late nineteenth century.[52] |
Here We Go Looby Loo | 'Looby Loo', 'Loopty Loo', 'Loop de Loo', 'Here We Go Loopty Loo' | United States | 1849 | Unknown |
Here We Go Round the Mulberry Bush | 'Mulberry Bush', 'This Is the Way', 'This is the way (we)' | England | c. 1750 | While the tune is from The Beggar's Opera, this was adapted into a children's game in the mid-nineteenth century.[53][54] |
Hey Diddle Diddle | 'Hi Diddle Diddle', 'The Cat and the Fiddle', 'The Cow Jumped Over the Moon' | England | [55] | c. 1765The rhyme itself may date back to at least the sixteenth century. Early medieval illuminated manuscripts depicting a cat playing a fiddle were also popular images.[56] |
Hickory Dickory Dock | 'Hickety Dickety Dock' | England | 1744[57] | Origin proposals range from a counting-out rhyme to the astronomical clock at Exeter Cathedral. |
The Hokey Cokey | 'Hokey Pokey' | England | 1842[58] | The exact origin is unknown. |
Hot Cross Buns | England | 1767[59] | This originated as an English street cry that was later perpetuated as a nursery rhyme. The words closest to the rhyme that has survived were printed in 1767. | |
How Many Miles to Babylon? | Scotland | [60] | c. 1801Origin unknown, but studies have suggested the rhyme may be older than attested. | |
Humpty Dumpty | England | 1797[61] | ||
Hush Little Baby | 'Hush Little baby, don't say a word' | United States | 1918[62] | |
I Can Sing a Rainbow | 'Sing a Rainbow', 'I Can see a Rainbow' | United States | 1955 | |
Ichinensei Ni Nattara | '一年生になったら' or 'When I Become A First Grader' | Japan | 1966 | |
If Wishes Were Horses, Beggars Would Ride | 'If wishes were horses' | Britain | 1605[63] | |
If You're Happy and You Know It | 'If You Are Happy and You're Know it', 'If You're Happy and You're Know it, Clap Your Hands' | USA | 1916 | |
I Do Not Like Thee, Doctor Fell | England | 1680[64][65] | ||
I Had a Little Nut Tree | England | 1797[66] | ||
I Have Two Hands | Philippines | Unknown | ||
I'm a Little Teapot | United States | 1939[67] | ||
I'll Tell Me Ma | 'The Wind' | England | Unknown | |
I've Been Working On The Railroad | 'Working on the Railroad', 'I Have Been Working on the Railroad' | United States | 1894[68] | |
I Love Little Pussy | 'I Love Little Kitty' | England | 1830[69] | |
It's Raining, It's Pouring | England | 1912[70] | ||
Itsy Bitsy Spider | 'Eensy Weensy Spider', 'Insey Winsey Spider', 'Incy Wincy Spider', 'The Itsy Bitsy Spider' | England | Unknown | |
Jack and Jill | 'Jack and Gill' | England | [71] | c. 1765|
Jack-a-Nory | England | [72] | c. 1760||
Jack Be Nimble | England | [73] | c. 1815||
Jack Sprat | England | 1639[74] | ||
John Jacob Jingleheimer Schmidt | Unknown | Unknown | Origin unknown, some evidence places its roots with vaudeville and theatre acts of the late 19th century and early 20th century popular in immigrant communities. | |
Johnny Johnny Yes Papa | Unknown | c. 1958 | ||
Kookaburra | 'Kookaburra sits in the old gum tree' | Australia | 1932[75] | |
Ladybird, Ladybird | 'Ladybug Ladybug' | Britain | [76] | c. 1744|
Lavender's Blue | 'Lavender Blue' | England | [77] | c. 1675|
Little Arabella Miller | Unknown | Unknown | ||
Little Bo-Peep | 'Little Bo-Peep has lost her sheep' | England | [78] | c. 1805|
Little Boy Blue | England | [79] | c. 1744||
Little Jack Horner | 'Little Jack Horner sat in a corner' | England | 1791[80] | |
Little Miss Muffet | 'Little Miss Muffet sat on a tuffet' | England | 1805[81] | |
Little Poll Parrot | England | 1853 | ||
Little Robin Redbreast | England | 1744[82] | ||
Little Tommy Tucker | England | 1744[83] | ||
London Bridge Is Falling Down | 'My Fair Lady' or 'London Bridge' | England | 1744[84] | |
Lucy Locket | 'Lucy Locket lost her pocket' | England | 1842[85] | |
Mary Had a Little Lamb | 'Mary had a Little Lamb, Little Lamb, Little Lamb' | United States | 1830[86] | |
Mary, Mary, Quite Contrary | England | 1744[87] | ||
Matthew, Mark, Luke and John | "Black Paternoster" | Britain | 1656[88] | |
Miss Polly had a Dolly | 'Miss Molly Had a Dolly', 'Miss Polly', 'Miss Polly had a little dolly', 'Miss Polly had a dolly who was sick, sick, sick', 'Miss Molly had a dolly who was sick, sick, sick' | Scotland | 1986[89] | |
Monday's Child | England | 1836[90] | ||
Needles and Pins | England | 1842[91] | ||
Oh Dear! What Can the Matter Be? | 'Johnny's So Long at the Fair' | England | [92] | c. 1775|
Old King Cole | England | 1709[93] | ||
Old MacDonald Had a Farm | 'Old McDonald Had a Farm', 'Old MacDonald', 'Old McDonald', 'Ol' McDonald', 'Ol' McDonald Had a Farm', 'Ol' MacDonald', 'Ol' MacDonald' | England | Unknown | |
Old Mother Hubbard | England | 1805[94][95] | ||
On Top of Spaghetti | 'The Meatball Song' | United States | 1963 | Children's parody by Tom Glazer of the song "On Top of Old Smoky". |
One for Sorrow | Britain | [96] | c. 1780||
One Potato, Two Potato | 'One Potato, Two Potatoes' | Unknown | Unknown | |
One, Two, Buckle My Shoe | '1, 2, Buckle My Shoe' | United States United Kingdom |
1805[97] | While the first recorded version is of English origin, this song may go back to 1780 in Wrentham, Massachusetts. |
One, Two, Three, Four, Five | '1, 2, 3, 4, 5', '1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Once I Caught A Fish Alive', 'One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Once I Caught A Fish Alive' | England | [98] | c. 1765|
Oranges and Lemons | England | 1744[99] | ||
Pat-a-Cake, Pat-a-Cake, Baker's Man | "Pat-a-cake", "patty-cake" or "pattycake" | England | 1698[100] | |
Pease Porridge Hot | 'Peas Porridge Hot' or 'Pease Pudding Hot' | England | [101] | c. 1760|
Peter Peter Pumpkin Eater | United Kingdom | 1797[102] | ||
Peter Piper | England | 1813[103] | ||
Polly Put the Kettle On | England | 1803[104] | ||
Polly Wolly Doodle | 'Polly Wolly Doodle All Day' | United States | 1843[105] | |
Poor Mary | 'Poor Jenny' or 'Poor Sally' | England | Unknown | |
Pop Goes the Weasel | England | 1852[106] | ||
Pretty Little Dutch Girl | United States | [107] | c. 1940||
Pussy Cat Pussy Cat | Britain | 1805[108] | ||
Rain Rain Go Away | 'Rain, Rain Go Away, come again another day' | England | 1659 | James Howell in his 1659 collection of proverbs noted "Raine, raine, goe to Spain: faire weather come againe". This rhyme may date even earlier though. |
Ride a Cock Horse to Banbury Cross | 'Ride a Cock Horse', 'Ride a White Horse to Banbury Cross' | England | 1784[109] | |
Ring-a-Ring o' Roses | 'Ring Around the Rosie' | England | 1881[110] | Origin unknown, there is no evidence linking it to the Great Plague or earlier outbreaks of bubonic plague in England. |
Rock-a-bye Baby | 'Hush a bye Baby', 'Rock a Bye Baby on the treetop' | England | [111] | c. 1765|
Roses Are Red | England | 1784[112] | ||
Round and Round the Garden | Britain | [113] | c. 1945||
Row, Row, Row Your Boat | United States | 1852[114] | ||
Rub-a-Dub Dub | England | 1798[115] | ||
See Saw Margery Daw | Britain | [116] | c. 1765||
Shabondama | 'シャボン玉' or 'Soap Bubbles' | Japan | 1922 | |
She'll Be Coming Round The Mountain | 'When She Comes', 'When the Chariot Comes' | United States | 1924[117] | |
Simple Simon | England | 1764[118] | ||
Sing a Song of Sixpence | England | 1744[119] | ||
Skidamarink | 'Skinnamarink', 'Ski-dy-mer-rink-adink-aboomp', 'Skiddy-Mer-Rink-A-Doo' | United States | 1910[120] | |
Solomon Grundy | Britain | 1842[121] | ||
Soft Kitty | Poland | 1857[122] | ||
Star Light, Star Bright | United States | Unknown | ||
Taffy was a Welshman | England | [123] | c. 1780||
Ten in the Bed | 'There were ten in the Bed', '10 in the Bed', 'There were 10 in the bed' | United States | ||
Ten Green Bottles | 'Ten Green Bottles hanging on the wall', '10 Green Bottles hanging on the Wall', '10 Green Bottles' | UK | 1830 | |
Ten Little Indians | USA | 1868 | ||
The Farmer in the Dell | 'The Farmer's in his Den' | Germany | 1820 | |
The Grand Old Duke of York | 'The Noble Duke of York' | England | 1642 | |
The Lion and the Unicorn | England | 1708-1709 | ||
The More We Get Together | USA | 1679 | ||
The Moon Has Been Arisen | Germany | 1779 | ||
The Muffin Man | 'Do you know the muffin man?' | England | c. 1820 | |
The Old Woman and her Pig | 'The Old Woman who found a Silver Penny' | England | ||
The Queen of Hearts | Britain | 1782[124] | ||
The Three Jovial Huntsmen | Britain | 1880 | ||
The Three Sisters | 'Jennifer Gentle' | England | 1823[125] | 19th century ballad. |
There Was a Crooked Man | Britain | 1842 | ||
There Was a Man in Our Town | 'The Wondrous Wise Man' or 'There Wan a Man in Thessaly' | England | 1897 | |
There was an Old Woman Who Lived in a Shoe | England | 1794 | ||
There Was an Old Woman Who Lived Under a Hill | England | 1714 | ||
This Is The House That Jack Built | 'The House That Jack Built' | England | 1755 | |
This Little Light of Mine | 'This Little Light of Mine, I’m gonna let it shine' | USA | 1925 | |
This Little Piggy | 'This Little Pig' | England | c. 1760 | |
This Old Man | 'Nick Nack Paddy Whack', 'Knick Knack Paddywhack', 'Nick Nack Paddywhack', 'Knick Knack Paddy Whack' | England | 1906 | |
Three Blind Mice | England | 1609 | ||
Three Little Kittens | USA | 1843 | ||
Three Wise Men of Gotham | England | c. 1765 | ||
Thumbelina | USA | 1951 | ||
Tinker, Tailor | England | 1695 | ||
To Market, to Market | England | 1611 | ||
Tom, Tom, the Piper's Son | Britain | 1795 | ||
Tweedledum and Tweedledee | Britain | 1805 | ||
The Twelve Days of Christmas | England Or Britain | c. 1780 | ||
Twinkle Twinkle Little Star (Lyrics) | France, UK | 1806 | ||
Two Little Dickie Birds | 'Two Little Black Birds' | Britain | c. 1765 | |
Two Tigers | 'Two Little Tigers' or 'Liang Zhi Lao Hu' | China | 1845 | |
Walking, Walking | 'Walking, Walking, hop, hop, hop' | USA | ||
Weddings and Funerals | England | |||
Wee Willie Winkie | Scotland | 1841 | ||
Weißt du, wie viel Sternlein stehen | 'Do you know how many stars there are?' | Germany | 1837 | |
What Are Little Boys Made Of? | 'What Are Little Girls Made Of?' | Britain | c. 1820 | |
When I was a Bachelor | England | c. 1833[126] | ||
When the Boat Comes In | North East England | 1826 | ||
When the Saints Go Marching in | USA | 1923 | ||
Where is Thumbkin | USA | |||
Where, O Where Has My Little Dog Gone? | 'Der Deitcher's Dog' | Germany | 1846 | |
Who Killed Cock Robin? | 'The Cock Robin Song' | England | c. 1744 | |
Who stole the cookie from the cookie jar? | 'Who stole the cookie'. 'Who took the cookie', 'Who took the cookie from the cookie jar?', 'Cookie jar song' | England | ||
Wind the Bobbin Up | England | 1890s | ||
Wynken, Blynken, and Nod | USA | 1889 | ||
Yankee Doodle | USA | 1780s | ||
Yon Yonson | 'Jon Jonson', 'Jan Jansen', 'Yan Yansen', 'Yohn Yohnson', 'John Johnson' | USA | 1890 |
Notes
[edit]- ^ This is an early published version under the name "A White Dove".
- ^ "The ABC Song" is also referred to as "Now I Know My ABCs", "The ABC", "ABC Song", "ABCs" /ˌeɪ.biːˈsiːz/ or "ABC" /ˌeɪ.biːˈsiː/, as well as "The Alphabet Song", "The Alphabet", "Alphabet Song" or "Alphabet".
- ^ Since many similar counting-out rhymes existed earlier, it is difficult to know this song's exact origin.
References
[edit]- ^ Holden, Robert (1992). Twinkle, Twinkle, Southern Cross: The Forgotten Folklore of Australian Nursery Rhymes. Canberra: National Library Australia. p. 1. ISBN 064210560X.
- ^ Bathroom Readers' Institute (2011). Uncle John's Endlessly Engrossing Bathroom Reader. New York: Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781607104599.
- ^ Styles, Morag (1997). From the Garden to the Street: Three Hundred Years of Poetry for Children. London: Cassell. p. 84. ISBN 0304332240.
- ^ Charles de Lusse (1774). Recueil de romances historiques, tendres et burlesques, tant anciennes que modernes, avec les airs notés. Vol. 2. p. 75. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
- ^ The chronology is based on an account by Bob Kosovsky, librarian at the Music Division of the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts, 2001.
- ^ Henri Davenson (pseudonym of Henri-Irénée Marrou), Le livre des chansons, Neuchâtel, Éditions de la Baconnière, 1944, p. 567.
- ^ National Library of Scotland digital archive "Second series - Jacobite relics of Scotland". September 2024.
- ^ a b Peter & Iona Opie (1997): The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford and New York, 2nd edition), pp. 53-4.
- ^ a b Hagemann, Sonja (1970). Barnelitteratur i Norge 1850–1914. Oslo: Aschehoug. pp. 269–270.
- ^ Lindsay, Maud (October 1903). "A White Dove". Kindergarten Review. 14 (2). Springfield, Mass.: 106.
- ^ Gupta, Sudip Das (2020-12-22). "All the Pretty Little Horses". Poem Analysis. Retrieved 2023-11-21.
- ^ Wu, Duncan (1995). Wordsworth's Reading 1800–1815. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 248. ISBN 9780521496742. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
- ^ Ashe, Geoffrey (1973) [1957]. King Arthur's Avalon: The Story of Glastonbury. London: Fontana. p. 81. ISBN 9780006332251. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
- ^ Kelly, Walter K. (1863). Curiosities of Indo-European Tradition and Folk-Lore. London: Chapman & Hall. pp. 283–284. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
- ^ The British Library. "Clapping games - A sailor went to sea, sea, sea". Playtimes. The British Library. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
- ^ I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), p. 403.
- ^ W. E. Studwell and M. Baldin, The big band reader: songs favored by swing era orchestras and other popular ensembles (Haworth Press, 2000), p. 35
- ^ Kelly, Ian (2012). Mr Foote's Other Leg: Comedy, Tragedy and Murder in Georgian London. Pan Macmillan. p. 15.
- ^ Uitti, Jacob (June 15, 2023). "The Meaning Behind the ABCs of "The Alphabet Song"". American Songwriter. Retrieved June 24, 2023.
- ^ Plouffe, Hélène. ""Alouette!"". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
- ^ "The Chicago record's war stories". 1898. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
- ^ I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), pp. 376–7.
- ^ Opie, Iona & Opie, Peter, eds. (1997) [1951]. The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 101. ISBN 0-19-860088-7 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Gilchrist A. G., Lucy E. Broadwood, Frank Kidson. (1915.) "Songs Connected with Customs". Journal of the Folk-Song Society 5(19):204–220, p. 216–220.
- ^ Highfill, Philip H., Kalman A. Burnim, Edward A. Langhans, "Swords, William", in A Biographical Dictionary of Actors (1991), vol. 14, p. 355.
- ^ I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), pp. 90–1.
- ^ "Weekly Essays". The Gentleman's Magazine. No. IV. London, England. April 1731. p. 150.
- ^ "School Rhymes". Bye-Gones, Relating to Wales and the Border Counties: 264. July 1885. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
- ^ I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), p. 128.
- ^ "15 famous songs every Scot will know". Scotsman.com. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ "Legend of sweetie salesman unwrapped". Archived from the original on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
- ^ "Did You Ever See A Lassie". TwinkleTrax Children's Songs. 2012. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
- ^ I. Opie and P. Opie (1951). The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 245–6. (2nd ed. 1997)
- ^ I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), p. 149.
- ^ Cray, Ed (1992). The Erotic Muse: American Bawdy Songs (2nd ed.). Urbana: University of Illinois Press. pp. 336–38. ISBN 9780252017810.
- ^ I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), p. 173.
- ^ "secondhandsongs.com". secondhandsongs.com. Retrieved December 13, 2020.
- ^ "Roller Coaster". Fun Clapping. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
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